A log is placed across the stream channel and embedded into either side of the bank and the substrate with the top 2/3rds exposed. One single log or a series of full-spanning log jams can be employed in an area of shallow stream; usually 1st or 2nd order or low velocity. Over time, as the water flows over the complex, gravel will build up at the upstream end of the log and a pool will be scoured out at the downstream end, creating a "pool-riffle" complex that is ideal for fish habitat. They are: